Political jealousies and interests intensified the disputes, and, at last, after many premonitory symptoms, the final break came in 1054, when pope leo ix struck at michael cerularius and his followers with an excommunication and the patriarch retaliated with a similar excommunication. The great western schism of 1378 occurred in the period between 1378 and 1417 when multiple popes claimed their authority on the church. On saturday, july 16, 1054, as afternoon prayers were about to begin, cardinal humbert, legate of pope leo ix, strode into the cathedral of hagia sophia, right up to the main altar, and placed on it a parchment that declared the patriarch of constantinople, michael cerularius, to be excommunicated.
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Unfortunately, in 1054, the pope had become threatened by the normans and needed allies
So, pope leo ix sent a legate to the east to seek help against his enemies as well as to try to negotiate on ecclesiastical matters.
In 1054, pope leo ix sent an emissary, cardinal humbert, from rome to constantinople The cardinal's visit with patriarch cerularios was meant to be a mission of conciliation. On july 16, 1054, cardinal humbert marched into constantinople's magnificent hagia sophia during the divine liturgy As shocked worshippers watched, he placed a papal bull on the altar excommunicating the patriarch
The patriarch responded by excommunicating the pope. One of the most impactful events in this regard was the great schism of 1054, a rupture between the western church, led by the pope of rome, and the eastern church, headed by the patriarch of constantinople. On the western side pope leo ix and on the eastern side patriarch michael i excommunicated each other in 1054 and completed the schism
